Background and purpose: Presently, computers and the development of information technology have resolved many limitations in the health and medical arena, and have also opened many doors to improve communication, information and ability for better patient care, in health and medical care provider centers. Moreover, they have many applications such as virtual reality, medical data-bank, tele-health, expert systems and information-networks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reporting software of ADS9 counteri’s program.Materials and methods: This research is a descriptive study which was performed in 2008. Population of this study include employees in office of statistics of Medical Universities in Iran, that work in conjunction with Hospimp software and is answerable regarding Hospimp software in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. For data collection, researcher used a two-part questionnaire for evaluating general and specified criteria pertaining to the software. The analysis of data was used in descriptive manner with SPSS. The grade of variables studied in this research involved: evaluation of general properties, specified properties, statistical reporting, data-bases, goal of groups and aim of the program with Hospimp software, that is, in average 37.5, 22.58, 41.66, 57.14, 36.36 and 27.27, with a standard deviations of 0.09, 0.08, 0.15, 0.2, 0.15 and 0.14.Results: Technical tissue fall in the slide was not observed. 93.93 % of SCC was stained by p63. None of the small cell carcinoma was stained by p63. In the first 2 months, 53.34% of distained section’s had similar staining intensity, compared with re-cut sections, 46.66% of cases were decreased in staining intensity and none were negative.Conclusion: Generally, in the evaluated dimensions, Hospimp software has more blind spots rather than strength spots. General properties of the software have a better intensity level, than its specified properties. In order to improve and develop useable software’s in the health and medical arenas, we will recommend the development of international standards in designing, production, testing, measuring and software conservation.

Introduction: Evaluation of Hospital information system (HIS) is a complex endeavor, in which all human, technical and organizational aspects should be considered. This study aimed to develop indicators for HIS evaluation.Methods: Present qualitative study was carried out through a cross-sectional method in 2012 in Kerman province, using Delphi technique. Given the objectives of this study, three independent phases were performed including literature review, providing draft indicators for HIS evaluation and reaching consensus. Required data were obtained through interviews and designed forms. Twenty-three experts composed the study population in interview and reaching consensus phases. Validity and reliability were confirmed through content validity and test-retest method, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Final set of indicators for HIS evaluation consisted of ninety-one indicators under 8 main topics, i.e. technical quality, software quality, architecture and interface quality, vendor quality, after-sale services quality, workflow support quality, support department, outcome quality and HIS cost.Conclusion: Given the complexity of information system evaluation, all human, technical and organizational aspects have to be taken into account in any evaluation. Proposed indicators provide the possibility of comprehensive evaluation of HIS.

Introduction: In recent year, there has been a growing interest in the field of misbehaviors. Meanwhile, one of the concepts that attracted the attention of organizational experts is workplace incivility. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of workplace incivility on the unproductive behaviors of Hospital staff. Accordingly, the present study sought to reduce the scientific gap between the processes of workplace incivility behavior and to help managers avoid such behaviors, thereby enhancing citizenship behaviors, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization and avoid the direct and indirect devastating effects of this phenomenon on the organization. Materials & Methods: This descriptivecorrelational study was conducted on 344 employees of Hospitals in Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran, in 2017. The participants were selected from the study population of 3224 employees using simple random sampling technique. The study instruments were workplace Incivility Behavior, Selfmonitoring, Locus of Control, Compulsory Citizenship Behavior, Anti-Citizenship Behavior, and Counterproductive workplace behavior scales whose validity and validity was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and content validity. The data were analyzed using PLS software and tested by structural equation method (SEM) in terms of confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing parts. Findings: The results of the research show that workplace incivility behaviors affect the non-productive behaviors of the staff positively and significantly (t>1. 96). In this regard, the variables of Compulsory Citizenship Behavior and anti-citizen behavior play a mediating role (t>1. 96). Moreover, the moderating role of locus of control and self-monitoring was negatively significant (t>1. 96; β <0). Discussion & Conclusions: Considering the destructive effects of incivility on the organization, it is necessary to consider transparent and precise management measures, improvement of the working environment, and the necessary training regarding Hospital staff behavior.

Cockroaches play an important role in transmission of different diseases either mechanically and occasionally biologically. The aim of current study was on the identification of cockroaches and their contamination to different bacteria in two Hospitals affiliated to the Kordestan University of Medical Sciences which was performed in 2003. Cockroaches were collected from different parts using sticky traps, direct collection, and by means of vacuum cleaner. Collected cockroaches were identified according to the reliable systematic keys. Some of the collected cockroaches were selected randomly for the presence of bacteria in their external parts as well as in the digestive tract using specific culture media. Totally 450 specimens were collected. From which 44.4% identified as American Cockroach, Periplaneta Americana and remaining German cockroach, Blattella germanica. Among collected cockroaches 58 specimens of German cockroaches and 40 American cockroaches were selected to search for the presence of bacteria. Results of culture media exhibited that 89.8% (88.98) of cockroaches were positive to the bacteria. The bacteria were found mainly on external parts (67%) and remaining from alimentary canal. The main common bacteria was found Escherichia coli, however, only 5.1% was Escherichia sp., which was found on external parts. Among two Hospitals it is found that Tohid Hospital was more infected (97.5%). In the Hospitals the infectivity of American cockroaches was more prevalent than other species. All the American cockroaches and 70% of German cockroaches were infected to at least one bacterium. Result showed that the presence of cockroaches in the Hospitals can threaten the health of Hospitalized patients. Both cosmopolitan species was found infected in the Hospitals. Sanitation of different departments as well as different method of control is recommended in the context of Integrated Vector Management for cockroach control.

Objective(s): Taking the importance of end-users' satisfaction in the overall success of a HIS, this study was performed to assess their attitudes in different Hospitals in Tehran.Methods: Interviews were made with officials of 20 Hospitals in Tehran. Research tool was a questionnaire in 8 parts. Results: Sixty three officials entered into the study. The average age was 40.7 years and 62.1% were male. 80.5% of the respondents indicated that they were satisfied or very satisfied with HIS in their Hospitals. In general several factors found to be important to the HIS users. These were: better communication and quicker and more effective access to data, reports and outputs, organization management, resources, proper training for managers and users, compliance assessment inside the organization, ease of learning and implementation, effective support, and ease of use. Conclusion: The development of Hospital information systems in Iran is in its early stages and despite their considerable progresses during recent years, they still require more investment in order to satisfy the administrators' and end users' expections.

In the Hospital environment, the complexity of the building configuration causes wayfinding difficulties for Hospital users. This results in s tress, anxiety, discomfort, loss of time, and missed appointments. This research es tablishes the critical factors that influence the ease of wayfinding in a Hospital environment with consideration for the design sys tems. The s tudy was carried out at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau S tate, Nigeria. Also, a descriptive research design was employed with a survey ques tionnaire for data collection, adminis tered on outpatients on a sample size of 96 respondents (48 males and 48 females), using a simple random sampling technique. Findings from factor analysis and multiple regressions showed that some factors have a high influence on the ease of wayfinding in the Hospital environment concerning their loadings at significance value. These factors include landmarks, crowdedness in the circulation spaces, circulation intersection (nodes), and visual access. The s tudy recommends that local landmarks should be designed to be visible from a dis tance at decisionmaking points in the Hospital during wayfinding. Furthermore, circulation intersections (nodes or junctions) should be dis tinctive with directional signs and should have visible cues to reduce wayfinding errors at such decision points. This implies that spatial and visual factors should be considered in Hospital wayfinding designs.